9.2 TM5 versus TM4 emissions

NO$_x$

• Anthropogenic emissions: Edgar3.2 for TM5; Van Aardenne or POET for TM4
• Distribution of fossil/industrial emissions over two vertical levels (below and above 100 m) seems different for TM4/TM5: TM5 uses IMAGE regions
• Aircraft emissions: all use ANCAT plus year-dependent scaling factor
• Biomass burning seasonality: Hao et al. ('bmbcycle'); temperate fires distributed over summer months
• Monthly agricultural and natural soil emissions: Yienger and Levy for both TM4 and TM5
• Lightning: calculated when new meteo comes available: same in TM4 and TM5??
• Where are NO$_x$ emissions actually added in TM5??

NH$_3$

• Anthropogenic (incl. biomass burning) and soil/ocean emissions: Van Aardenne for TM4 and TM5
• TM5 has refinement and distribution over months of Van Aardenne emissions ANM and FER (agriculture) using data from Bouwman

SO$_2$

• Anthropogenic emissions: IIASI, 2000-BAU for TM5; Van Aardenne for TM4
• Vertical distribution over two levels different for TM4 and TM5
• Biomass burning: Vd Werf for TM5; Van Aardenne for TM4
• Volcanoes: Aerocom (distributed per grid cell between two heights) for TM5; GEIA for TM4

DMS

• Seems the same for TM4 and TM5
• Land emissions: Spiro database
• Ocean emissions: calculated after reading new meteo based on wind speed etc. in combination with seawater concentrations

CO

• As for NO$_x$: Edgar vs Van Aardenne
• Fossil and industrial emissions distributed over months ('coseas'), both in TM4 and TM5. Why is this not done for other gases like NO$_2$?
• Biofuel/waste/biomass burning: distributed over 4 vertical levels (0-100-500-1000-2000 m) in TM5. This is not done in TM4.
• Biogenic ocean plus vegetation CO: same in TM4 and TM5. Total 115 Tg yr$^{-1}$

NMV

• As for NO$_x$: Edgar vs Van Aardenne
• Intriguing difference:
  • TM4: nmhc_to_c = 0.8 $\times$ cbm4_represented_fraction
    cbm4_represented_fraction = 0.87
  • TM5: nmhc_to_c = 0.8

ISOP

• Guenther inventory for both TM4 and TM5
• Difference in global annual total: 453 (TM5) vs 400 (TM4) Tg C yr$^{-1}$
• Diurnal distribution implemented in TM5

CH$_4$

• Quite different
  • TM5 based on Edgar3.2 for anthropogenic emissions.
  • TM4 based on Edgar2 (1990) for some anthropogenic sources, Van Aardenne for landfills and biomass burning, Matthews for rice.
• Natural emissions are probably similar.
• Some smaller sources appear to be missing in TM5: coastal, volcanoes, wild animals.